Frequently you see the word “guarantee” associated with Variable Annuities (VA). What does that mean?
The typical VA acts as a tax deferred tax shelter, like an IRA. Unlike an IRA, anyone can open any sized (e.g.: $1,000 or $1 million) Variable Annuity, independent of his or her income, age or employment status. This is quite attractive for someone looking to shelter income from taxation, particularly for those that cannot achieve their goal with an IRA.
Traditional IRAs can only be established by those under the age of 70 ½ and those (or the spouse of those, if married filing jointly) who receive income or alimony. An IRA has contributions limits, which limit the tax sheltering benefits.
In almost all cases a variable annuity (VA) is a form of life insurance. The traditional insurance salesperson markets the variable annuity as a way to safely invest in the financial markets, without risking your principal. We all know there is no such thing as a free lunch inside or outside the world of finance. The insurance salesperson will often tell you, you cannot earn less than 6% or 7% on the investment.
Inherent in most VA policies are two components, an investment component and an insurance component. The investment component offers a choice of investments similar to mutual funds, called sub-accounts. It is the insurance component that is hard to understand.
The insurance component of a VA includes a death benefit. The death benefit “guarantees” the beneficiary will receive the greater of the: value of the VA at death, or the total of all contributions.
Here is an example of an investor, whose portfolio was 100% invested in a stock sub-account of a variable annuity. Assuming the investor invested $5,000 each year for 20 years, contributions would total $100,000. If the average net return per year were 7%, the Variable Annuity would be worth approximately $205,000 at the end of 20 years.
One evening this same Variable Annuity (VA) buyer learns the stock market has declined 50% in that day. This buyer realizes his VA is worth $102,500, has a stroke and dies. His beneficiary would receive the greater of $102,500 or $100,000. In this case the beneficiary would receive $102,500.
So, where was the death benefit? There was NO death benefit. The only time the beneficiary receives a death benefit is when the policy value falls below the total value of contributions made AND the investor dies.
Well, at least the investor did not have to pay any expenses for a death benefit they did not receive, right? Wrong. In most Variable Annuities the policies are mortality and expense charges, called M&E charges. The “E”, or expense charge, represents the administrative component of the M and E. The “M”, or mortality charge, represents the life insurance component of M&E.
The industry average annual annuity charge for non-group open variable annuity contracts was 1.37%. In addition to M&E charges, most VA policies have surrender costs. These are penalties assessed on the policy if the investor moves the policy before the surrender period ends. Some insurance companies offer annuities with 10-12 surrender periods and 12%-15% surrender charges – something has to pay for the “Insurance Agents” commission. Of course, this is in addition to all underlying costs of the sub-accounts (similar to expense ratios inside all mutual funds).
A few companies offer no-load, low cost, no surrender penalty VA policies. An investor can transfer from one annuity to another annuity without tax consequences, like an IRA transfer, but it must be handled with care.
Like an IRA transfer, the transfer of a VA policy, should be conducted on a custodian-to-custodian basis. The transfer qualifies as a tax-free transfer if conducted using Internal Revenue Code 1035. A “1035 Exchange”, as it is commonly referred to as, is the transfer of one insurance policy into another insurance policy. Handled incorrectly, and the investor could have a taxable distribution and hefty tax bill to boot.
Guarantee? Insurance companies have been very quick to highlight the “guarantee” in their VA policies. A word of caution on that “guarantee”: it is not a guarantee by the U.S. Federal Government. Unlike FDIC, the guarantee provided by an insurance company is a promise by an insurance company that it will pay. Some investors who buy their variable annuities from bank are like-wise fooled. The bank does not guarantee the annuity. If the insurance company goes out of business, you cannot rely on the bank or the FDIC to pay you. This applies to all annuities. My Mother recently called me from a bank. By the way, my Mother belongs to Phi Beta Kappa and is intelligent. She was telling me how the bank manager was (helping her) get out of her CDs, where she pays taxes on the interest. She was being switched to FIXED Annuities. I asked her to ask the bank manager what were the guaranteed in the Fixed Annuities, what were the surrender charges if she wanted to cancel, what taxes would she have to pay if when she cashed the annuities in. A few minutes later my mother got back on the phone that the bank manager not only could not answer the questions, but now the manager was too busy to help her. In case you are wondering, had my Mother make the mistake of buying an annuity from the bank, there would have been substantial sales charges, substantial surrender charges and substantial taxes due when my Mother finally cashed the annuity. What should my Mother do? That is like asking me to prescribe without knowing the symptoms. That is a topic for another article. You may want to look at www.taxlibrary.us to read some very informative articles on point.
Buyer Beware! By the way, your typical Insurance Agent gets paid by commission therefore you have to be very careful. If you do the exchange wrong tax consequences will result.
-----------------------------
Amazon.com: IRS Secrets You Should Know eBook: Lance Wallach: Books
Lance Wallach
National Society of Accountants Speaker of the Year and member of the AICPA faculty of teaching professionals, Wallach is a frequent speaker on retirement plans, financial and estate planning, and abusive tax shelters.
He is also a featured writer and has been interviewed on television and financial talk shows including NBC, National Pubic Radio's All Things Considered and others,Lance authored Protecting Clients from Fraud, Incompetence and Scams published by John Wiley and Sons, Bisk education's CPA's Guide to Life Insurance and Federal Estate and Gift Taxation,
as well as AICPA best-selling books including
Avoiding Circular 230 Malpractice Trap.
National Society of Accountants Speaker of the Year and member of the AICPA faculty of teaching professionals, Wallach is a frequent speaker on retirement plans, financial and estate planning, and abusive tax shelters.
He is also a featured writer and has been interviewed on television and financial talk shows including NBC, National Pubic Radio's All Things Considered and others,Lance authored Protecting Clients from Fraud, Incompetence and Scams published by John Wiley and Sons, Bisk education's CPA's Guide to Life Insurance and Federal Estate and Gift Taxation,
as well as AICPA best-selling books including
Avoiding Circular 230 Malpractice Trap.
Testimonials...
"Mr. Wallach, thanks so much for taking the
time to talk to me ..today about VEBAs.
Any information you can send me would be
helpful. Hopefully, we can work together in
the future as interest in VEBAs increase."
time to talk to me ..today about VEBAs.
Any information you can send me would be
helpful. Hopefully, we can work together in
the future as interest in VEBAs increase."
Corman G. Franklin
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy
U.S. Department of Labor
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy
U.S. Department of Labor
Protect your clients – and yourself – from all kinds of financial chicanery and stupidity with this vital new book
It doesn't matter if a financial error was made because of malice or ignorance – the end result is that you lose money. Luckily, you don't have to sit idly and take it. If you have Protecting Clients from Fraud, Incompetence and Scams, you can identify and avoid the dysfunctional sectors of the financial industry, steer clear of the fallout from the Madoff Era, and guide your clients to real, healthy, sustainable returns. This powerful book
- Pinpoints dysfunctional sectors within the financial industry and offers advice against frauds and scammers
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Offering insightful information to protect your clients from all sorts of frauds and incompetence, this essential guide equips you with tips and techniques to spot the red flags of fraud and prevent it before it starts.
IRS Secrets You Should Know
Including
Tax, Insurance, and Cost Reduction Strategies for Small Business
Just one of these ideas from the book will save you thousands:
IRS red flags and how to audit proof your tax return
Why your retirement plan is an audit target: how to upgrade it
The only way to deduct estate and business succession plan costs
Turn your life insurance into a tax deduction
Reduce health insurance, workers’ comp and other insurance costs
Discover the only deductible benefit plan where money comes out tax free, even before retirement
Protect assets from creditors while obtaining a tax deduction
Why the IRS has turned your accountant into a tax collector, and what to do about this
Seven best new tax reduction ideas
Use a captive insurance company to reduce taxes and costs
And much more!!!
Books can be purchased here
Amazon.com: Lance Wallach: Books, Biography, Blog, Audiobooks, Kindle
Lawyer for Audits
http://www.lawyer4audits.com/index.html
Defending and protecting businesses and financial professionals from IRS audits,
Insurance companies and Brokerage firms.
Defending and protecting businesses and financial professionals from IRS audits,
Insurance companies and Brokerage firms.
Insurance Agents: Help for those who sold 419 and 412i plans.
Insurance Agents: Help for those who sold 419 and 412i plans.
Our team of experienced consulting "tax attorneys", CPAs, and "insurance experts" specializing in 412i" and "419 "IRS
audits" that resulted from plans you sold to your clients, mainly "419 plans", "412i plans", "captive insurance" plans
and "Section 79" plans as well as other similar "employee benefit plans" or "welfare benefit plans" that the IRS is
targeting as "abusive tax shelters".
Our firm has been successful in "defending life insurance agents" and "material advisors" who have participated in
the sale of these "benefit plans".
Our team of experienced consulting "tax attorneys", CPAs, and "insurance experts" specializing in 412i" and "419 "IRS
audits" that resulted from plans you sold to your clients, mainly "419 plans", "412i plans", "captive insurance" plans
and "Section 79" plans as well as other similar "employee benefit plans" or "welfare benefit plans" that the IRS is
targeting as "abusive tax shelters".
Our firm has been successful in "defending life insurance agents" and "material advisors" who have participated in
the sale of these "benefit plans".
Why You Should Not Own Mutual Funds
CoatingsPro - Money Matters
March 2010
Why You Should Not Own Mutual Funds
By Lance Wallach
Taxes take a large bite out of taxable mutual funds. Recent tax-break laws will end in 2010 and it would be smart for mutual fund investors to keep an eye on one of the main drags on performance: taxes.
One key reason why mutual funds paid out such hefty taxable distributions in recent years is because they can no longer carry forward the steep losses incurred during the 2000-2002 bear market, which had been used to offset gains in recent years.
The estimated taxes paid by taxable mutual fund (MF) investors increased 42 percent from those paid in 2006. Buy-and-hold taxable MF holders surrendered a record-setting $33.8 billion in taxes to the government, surpassing 2000’s record amount of $31.3 billion!
Over the past 20 years, the average investor in a taxable stock fund gave up the equivalent of between 17 percent and 44 percent of their returns to taxes. In 2006, the tax bite amounted to a hefty 1.3 percent of assets, which surpasses the average stock fund expense ratio of 1.2 percent.
Mutual funds probably have no place in high-net-worth client portfolios. There are many strong reasons in favor of this position but most immediately – you have probably noticed that every year you receive mutual funds statements with end-of-year form 1099s in the mailbox and discover that a sizeable amount of your hard-earned cash is going to Uncle Sam.
If you were to subtract 50 percent (93 million plus) of mutual fund holders who hold stock fund assets in tax-free accounts (such as 401(k) plans and IRAs), and a small number in institutional and trust funds that make a few investors tax-exempt, this would leave around 48 percent of the nation’s mutual fund investors in taxable funds.
The SEC says the average mutual fund investor in this taxable group loses 2.5 percent of annual returns to taxes each year, while other research puts it at 3 percent. Throughout your lifetime you can see that capital gains taxes will reduce investable income substantially when you retire.
You know the figures. Sure, during the 1980’s and 1990’s, people made money by selectively investing in mutual funds. Even today, it still can be done; however, more than 90 percent of mutual funds have underperformed the stock market as a whole for the past five years. You can get better odds at the horse track.
It works like this: Mutual funds with higher trading costs and built-in high tax limitations create a post-tax return that potentially delivers fewer returns than a similar separate account.
Mutual funds kill their potential for becoming performance superstars by their high volume of trading and killer fee structure. Too much trading causes increased taxes, while high fees reduce performance return on investment (ROI) – period.
If you own your stocks, you are in control. With mutual funds there is: no control over which securities fund managers buy and sell; no purchases of one particular type pf stock to balance out a portfolio; and no opt-out of any particular asset class or company.
On the other hand, if you put yourself in a separate account, you are the boss. Having a separate account means you are in charge. You set the strategy and decide what stocks or bonds make up the portfolio. You also have access to top money managers and can even change a manager if you wish.
The mix-and-match of separately managed accounts (SMAs) makes them attractive to the new breed of investor who wants more control and input into their portfolio. Don’t you want more control after the Madoff escapade and the Wall Street blowup?
With mutual funds, you should be advised early that you do not own the stocks in the portfolio, but merely have shares of stocks along with a large pool of people. So what do you give up when investing in mutual funds? Control.
The individual in control of mutual funds is the fund manager. Too often, this manager is tasked with dozens or even hundreds of stocks residing in one fund. This is exactly the situation in many of the 8,000 or more funds out there on the market- span, or lack of control.
In addition, you are tied to the whims of fund managers, who are often known to depend on “style drift” (buying securities that have no relationship to fund objectives), excessive trading (to pump up a fund’s value as a means of boosting commissions), and other nefarious actions – first uncovered by the Attorney General of New York State in 1993 and reoccurring ever since.
The mutual fund companies are good at cloaking information and spinning their marketing pitches to prevent investors from figuring out exactly what they are paying to own a mutual fund.
Space limits us to expand on all the fees you pay for the privilege of owning mutual funds, but management fees, distribution or service fees (12b-1), expense ratios, trading costs, commissions, purchase fees, exchange fees, load charges (load funds), account feed, custodial expenses, and so on, are a part of the mix that the mutual fund companies utilize to nickel and dime you to death without most of them ever knowing the billing score.
The SEC wants every investor to be fully equipped to make informed decisions before they hand over their hard-earned cash. The SEC requires all corporations to disclosure any and all information impacting their financial positions so investors can make prudent decisions. Transparency is most important due to the recurring events of the last 18 months.
Mutual fund companies provide notoriously slow reporting. It’s most difficult to find out about all the real nuts and bolts (specific equities, bonds, or cash holdings) of a mutual fund. A mutual fund gives you data twice annually – sometimes quarterly – so the data is out-of-date long before you receive it. Most investors do not read their prospectus reports and fund companies know this fact. Even with the introduction of the Internet, which has sped up the tracking for securities immensely, the major fund companies have been painfully slow to keep investors current as to what stocks the investors hold, and if and when those stocks are being traded.
Nowhere is the lack of transparency more apparent among fund companies than in costs and fees. Most investors are aware of management fees and commissions, but other fund fees like the 12b-1 and trading fees are sublimated. Other fees are hidden and, therefore, keep investors completely in the dark as to what they are paying.
With mutual funds, companies are slow on reporting results; the investor seldom knows in real time what socks are in his account and companies are known to hype performance results.
Unless Congress steps up and puts mutual funds on a level playing field with other investment strategies, taxable mutual fund investors will have to fend for themselves.
Lance Wallach, National Society of Accountants Speaker of the Year and member of the AICPA faculty of teaching professionals, is a frequent speaker on retirement plans, financial and estate planning, and abusive tax shelters. He writes about 412(i), 419, and captive insurance plans. He speaks at more than ten conventions annually, writes for over fifty publications, is quoted regularly in the press and has been featured on television and radio financial talk shows including NBC, National Pubic Radio's All Things Considered, and others. Lance has written numerous books including Protecting Clients from Fraud, Incompetence and Scams published by John Wiley and Sons, Bisk Education's CPA's Guide to Life Insurance and Federal Estate and Gift Taxation, as well as AICPA best-selling books, including Avoiding Circular 230 Malpractice Traps and Common Abusive Small Business Hot Spots. He does expert witness testimony and has never lost a case. Contact him at 516.938.5007, wallachinc@gmail.com or visit www.taxaudit419.com.
The information provided herein is not intended as legal, accounting, financial or any type of advice for any specific individual or other entity. You should contact an appropriate professional for any such advice.
March 2010
Why You Should Not Own Mutual Funds
By Lance Wallach
Taxes take a large bite out of taxable mutual funds. Recent tax-break laws will end in 2010 and it would be smart for mutual fund investors to keep an eye on one of the main drags on performance: taxes.
One key reason why mutual funds paid out such hefty taxable distributions in recent years is because they can no longer carry forward the steep losses incurred during the 2000-2002 bear market, which had been used to offset gains in recent years.
The estimated taxes paid by taxable mutual fund (MF) investors increased 42 percent from those paid in 2006. Buy-and-hold taxable MF holders surrendered a record-setting $33.8 billion in taxes to the government, surpassing 2000’s record amount of $31.3 billion!
Over the past 20 years, the average investor in a taxable stock fund gave up the equivalent of between 17 percent and 44 percent of their returns to taxes. In 2006, the tax bite amounted to a hefty 1.3 percent of assets, which surpasses the average stock fund expense ratio of 1.2 percent.
Mutual funds probably have no place in high-net-worth client portfolios. There are many strong reasons in favor of this position but most immediately – you have probably noticed that every year you receive mutual funds statements with end-of-year form 1099s in the mailbox and discover that a sizeable amount of your hard-earned cash is going to Uncle Sam.
If you were to subtract 50 percent (93 million plus) of mutual fund holders who hold stock fund assets in tax-free accounts (such as 401(k) plans and IRAs), and a small number in institutional and trust funds that make a few investors tax-exempt, this would leave around 48 percent of the nation’s mutual fund investors in taxable funds.
The SEC says the average mutual fund investor in this taxable group loses 2.5 percent of annual returns to taxes each year, while other research puts it at 3 percent. Throughout your lifetime you can see that capital gains taxes will reduce investable income substantially when you retire.
You know the figures. Sure, during the 1980’s and 1990’s, people made money by selectively investing in mutual funds. Even today, it still can be done; however, more than 90 percent of mutual funds have underperformed the stock market as a whole for the past five years. You can get better odds at the horse track.
It works like this: Mutual funds with higher trading costs and built-in high tax limitations create a post-tax return that potentially delivers fewer returns than a similar separate account.
Mutual funds kill their potential for becoming performance superstars by their high volume of trading and killer fee structure. Too much trading causes increased taxes, while high fees reduce performance return on investment (ROI) – period.
If you own your stocks, you are in control. With mutual funds there is: no control over which securities fund managers buy and sell; no purchases of one particular type pf stock to balance out a portfolio; and no opt-out of any particular asset class or company.
On the other hand, if you put yourself in a separate account, you are the boss. Having a separate account means you are in charge. You set the strategy and decide what stocks or bonds make up the portfolio. You also have access to top money managers and can even change a manager if you wish.
The mix-and-match of separately managed accounts (SMAs) makes them attractive to the new breed of investor who wants more control and input into their portfolio. Don’t you want more control after the Madoff escapade and the Wall Street blowup?
With mutual funds, you should be advised early that you do not own the stocks in the portfolio, but merely have shares of stocks along with a large pool of people. So what do you give up when investing in mutual funds? Control.
The individual in control of mutual funds is the fund manager. Too often, this manager is tasked with dozens or even hundreds of stocks residing in one fund. This is exactly the situation in many of the 8,000 or more funds out there on the market- span, or lack of control.
In addition, you are tied to the whims of fund managers, who are often known to depend on “style drift” (buying securities that have no relationship to fund objectives), excessive trading (to pump up a fund’s value as a means of boosting commissions), and other nefarious actions – first uncovered by the Attorney General of New York State in 1993 and reoccurring ever since.
The mutual fund companies are good at cloaking information and spinning their marketing pitches to prevent investors from figuring out exactly what they are paying to own a mutual fund.
Space limits us to expand on all the fees you pay for the privilege of owning mutual funds, but management fees, distribution or service fees (12b-1), expense ratios, trading costs, commissions, purchase fees, exchange fees, load charges (load funds), account feed, custodial expenses, and so on, are a part of the mix that the mutual fund companies utilize to nickel and dime you to death without most of them ever knowing the billing score.
The SEC wants every investor to be fully equipped to make informed decisions before they hand over their hard-earned cash. The SEC requires all corporations to disclosure any and all information impacting their financial positions so investors can make prudent decisions. Transparency is most important due to the recurring events of the last 18 months.
Mutual fund companies provide notoriously slow reporting. It’s most difficult to find out about all the real nuts and bolts (specific equities, bonds, or cash holdings) of a mutual fund. A mutual fund gives you data twice annually – sometimes quarterly – so the data is out-of-date long before you receive it. Most investors do not read their prospectus reports and fund companies know this fact. Even with the introduction of the Internet, which has sped up the tracking for securities immensely, the major fund companies have been painfully slow to keep investors current as to what stocks the investors hold, and if and when those stocks are being traded.
Nowhere is the lack of transparency more apparent among fund companies than in costs and fees. Most investors are aware of management fees and commissions, but other fund fees like the 12b-1 and trading fees are sublimated. Other fees are hidden and, therefore, keep investors completely in the dark as to what they are paying.
With mutual funds, companies are slow on reporting results; the investor seldom knows in real time what socks are in his account and companies are known to hype performance results.
Unless Congress steps up and puts mutual funds on a level playing field with other investment strategies, taxable mutual fund investors will have to fend for themselves.
Lance Wallach, National Society of Accountants Speaker of the Year and member of the AICPA faculty of teaching professionals, is a frequent speaker on retirement plans, financial and estate planning, and abusive tax shelters. He writes about 412(i), 419, and captive insurance plans. He speaks at more than ten conventions annually, writes for over fifty publications, is quoted regularly in the press and has been featured on television and radio financial talk shows including NBC, National Pubic Radio's All Things Considered, and others. Lance has written numerous books including Protecting Clients from Fraud, Incompetence and Scams published by John Wiley and Sons, Bisk Education's CPA's Guide to Life Insurance and Federal Estate and Gift Taxation, as well as AICPA best-selling books, including Avoiding Circular 230 Malpractice Traps and Common Abusive Small Business Hot Spots. He does expert witness testimony and has never lost a case. Contact him at 516.938.5007, wallachinc@gmail.com or visit www.taxaudit419.com.
The information provided herein is not intended as legal, accounting, financial or any type of advice for any specific individual or other entity. You should contact an appropriate professional for any such advice.
Instructions for Form 8918
www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i8918.pdf
The link will take you to Instructions for Form 8918, or in other words, a Material Advisor Disclosure Statement.
The link will take you to Instructions for Form 8918, or in other words, a Material Advisor Disclosure Statement.
Transfer Pricing
The IRS dedicates enormous resources toward dealing with taxpayer’s who are involved with any form of transfer pricing. The transfer pricing provisions of IRC 482 address four general types of transactions between commonly owned or controlled parties.
1- Use or transfer of tangible property
2- Services
3- Loans
4- Use or transfer of intangible property (especially cost sharing agreements)
Use of tangible property: When one member of a controlled group rents or leases property to another member of the group, the price paid for use of such property must equal an arm’s length amount. Per Treas. Reg. 1.482-2(c )(2)(i), the arm’s length amount is determined by reference to the amount that would have been charged between independent parties for use of the same or similar property under similar circumstances.
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